He aha ka Shikimic Acid?

ʻO ka waikona Shikimic (3,4,5-trihydroxy-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid) he mea hoʻohui kūlohelohe i mea koʻikoʻi i waena o ka biosynthesis o lignin, nā waikawa amino aromatic (phenylalanine, tyrosine a me tryptophan), a me ka hapa nui. mea kanu a me nā alkaloids microbial.

Hoʻohana mau ʻia ka ʻakika Shikimic ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomaka no ka hana ʻenehana o ka lāʻau antiviral oseltamivir (he lāʻau maʻi maʻi influenza anti-H5N1 i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama a pale aku i nā maʻi āpau i ʻike ʻia o nā maʻi maʻi influenza). Ua hōʻike ʻia ka synthesis o (-)-zeylenone e pili ana i ka Shikimic Acid i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hana no ka chemotherapy maʻi maʻi. Loaʻa ka ʻikepili i ka synthesis o ka monopalmitoyloxy Shikimic Acid, nona ka hana anticoagulant a hiki ke hōʻemi i ka coagulability koko ke lawelawe ʻia intramuscularly. Ua haku ʻia kahi hui noiʻi Kina i ka Shikimic Acid derivative, triacetyl Shikimic Acid, e hōʻike ana i ka hana anticoagulant a me ka antithrombotic.

Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike nui ʻia nā derivatives Shikimic Acid i ka mahiʻai e like me ka nui o lākou i hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā herbicides a me nā antimicrobial agents no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke ālai i ke ala Shikimic Acid i nā mea kanu a me nā bacteria me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopilikia kino ʻana i nā mammals.

No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Shikimic Acid ma ke ʻano he reactant no ka synthesis organik i ka ʻepekema kumu a me nā noi lapaʻau i ka kemika kūlohelohe a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoi loa no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole.

Ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau koʻikoʻi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka shikimic acid i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi he nui:

1. Antibacterial a me antitumor

I ka makahiki 1987, ua ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema Iapana ʻo ka analog o ka glyoxalase I inhibitor synthesized e methyl anthranilate i maopopo ka hopena inhibitory ma Hela cell line a me Escheri ascites carcinoma, hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa ola o nā ʻiole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka leukemia cell L1210, a he haʻahaʻa loa ka toxicity. ʻO kona hopena pale e pili nui i ka hopena sulfur hydride. I ka makahiki 1988, ua hoʻohui ka poʻe ʻepekema Kina i ka waika shikimic derivative a ua hōʻoia i ka hopena o kēia pūhui i ka pale ʻana i nā cell leukemia L1210 in vitro.

2. Anti-thrombosis

Hōʻike ʻia ka hopena o ka waikawa shikimic a me kāna mau derivatives ma ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular i ka hana o ka anti-thrombosis a me ka pale ʻana i ka platelet aggregation. Ke hōʻike nei ka noiʻi ʻana: hiki i ka waika shikimic ke hoʻoneʻe ikaika i ka platelet aggregation rate o adenosine diphosphate-induced middle cerebral artery embolism model iole; Hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka manawa hoʻopaʻa koko o nā ʻiole i loko o ka intravenous a intramuscular acid shikimic acid.

3. Anti-cerebral ischemia

ʻO ka Shikimic acid a me kāna mau derivatives ka hopena o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka cerebral ischemia, ka mea nui i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o ka cerebral infarction ma hope o ka focal cerebral ischemia i nā ʻiole, e hōʻemi ana i ka helu hana neurological, e hōʻemi ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cerebral edema, e hoʻonui i ke kahe o ke koko cerebral ma ka wahi ischemic. a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe. Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau haʻawina e hiki i kāna mau derivatives ke hōʻemi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka erythrocyte aggregation a pale i ka platelet aggregation ma hope o ka cerebral ischemia, no laila e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka cerebral microcirculation.